Characteristics of retinal microcirculation after phacoemulsification and factors affecting visual acuity / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To investigate the changes of retinal microcirculation after phacoemulsification and the influencing factors of visual acuity.METHODS: Retrospective analysis. A total of 264 cataract patients(264 eyes)who underwent phacoemulsification in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected as the study objects. Patients were divided into < 0.3 group(66 eyes)and ≥0.3 group(198 eyes)according to the recovery of best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)at 3 mo after surgery. The changes of retinal microcirculation indexes were compared before and after treatment. Logistic regression and LASSO regression models were used to screen the influencing factors of postoperative BCVA. A nomogram prediction model of postoperative BCVA was constructed and verified. A restricted cubic spline Logistic regression model was established to analyze the dose-response relationship between end-diastolic velocity(EDV), peak systolic velocity(PSV)and the risk of BCVA recovery.RESULTS: At 3 mo postoperatively, EDV and PSV were significantly improved compared with those before treatment, and resistance index(RI)levels were significantly lower than those before treatment(all P<0.05). Preoperative EDV, PSV, aqueous humor cell grade, fundus lesion grade, advanced age and Emery grade were influencing factors for poor BCVA recovery after phacoemulsification in cataract patients(P<0.05). The AUC before and after validation of the nomogram model by Bootstrap method were 0.869(95%CI: 0.815-0.903)and 0.866(95%CI: 0.802-0.895), respectively. The sensitivity was 88.36% and 88.27%, and the specificity was 91.82% and 91.78%, respectively. Restricted cubic spline model analysis showed no nonlinear dose-response relationship between EDV and PSV levels and the risk of poor BCVA recovery in either male or female(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: After phacoemulsification, retinal microcirculation in cataract patients improved significantly. EDV, PSV, aqueous humor cell grade, fundus lesion grade, advanced age and Emery grade are all factors influencing poor BCVA recovery after cataract surgery.

Advances in epidemiology, etiology, and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia / 中华预防医学杂志

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the third leading cause of death worldwide and one of the most commonly infectious diseases. Its epidemiological characteristics vary with host and immune status, and corresponding pathogen spectrums migrate over time and space distribution. Meanwhile, with the outbreak of COVID-19, some unconventional treatment strategies are on the rise. This article reviewed the epidemiological characteristics, pathogen spectrum and treatment direction of CAP in China over the years, and aimed to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of CAP in clinical practice.

Automated Classification of Inherited Retinal Diseases in Optical Coherence Tomography Images Using Few-shot Learning / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#To develop a few-shot learning (FSL) approach for classifying optical coherence tomography (OCT) images in patients with inherited retinal disorders (IRDs).@*METHODS@#In this study, an FSL model based on a student-teacher learning framework was designed to classify images. 2,317 images from 189 participants were included. Of these, 1,126 images revealed IRDs, 533 were normal samples, and 658 were control samples.@*RESULTS@#The FSL model achieved a total accuracy of 0.974-0.983, total sensitivity of 0.934-0.957, total specificity of 0.984-0.990, and total F1 score of 0.935-0.957, which were superior to the total accuracy of the baseline model of 0.943-0.954, total sensitivity of 0.866-0.886, total specificity of 0.962-0.971, and total F1 score of 0.859-0.885. The performance of most subclassifications also exhibited advantages. Moreover, the FSL model had a higher area under curves (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in most subclassifications.@*CONCLUSION@#This study demonstrates the effective use of the FSL model for the classification of OCT images from patients with IRDs, normal, and control participants with a smaller volume of data. The general principle and similar network architectures can also be applied to other retinal diseases with a low prevalence.

Clinical effect of adult donor dual kidney transplantation / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of adult donor dual kidney transplantation.Methods:Retrospective analysis of case data of 13 adult donor kidney dual kidney transplantation (DKT) performed in the The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from September 2016 to December 2020. For 13 donors, the average age and BMI were (53.5±12.4)years and (24.3±2.8) kg/m 2, respectively. Their mean Serum creatinine (SCr) at admission and before procurement was (132.9±54.1)and (228.7±112.4)μmol/L, respectively. 3 of them had diabetes mellitus history, and 8 had hypertension history. 11 met the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) DKT criteria and 6 met Remuzzi score DKT criteria. For 13 recipients, the average age and BMI were (39.3±8.9)years and (20.2±2.4)kg/m 2, respectively. All of them received ABO blood type-matched kidney transplants. 2 of them had their grafts transplanted in the bilateral iliac. In 12 cases, the grafts filled rapidly and urinated immediately when opening blood flow. In 1 case, the grafts were dark in color and vascular showed weak pulsation after opening blood flow. The time to recovery of perioperative graft function (from the day of surgery to the natural reduction of SCr to the normal range 44-133μmol/L), the occurrence of delayed graft function (DGF), acute rejection (AR), ureteral and surgical incision complications, as well as the recipients’ final follow-up SCr, eGFR, urinary protein, and grafts outcome were observed. Risk factors affecting outcomes were assessed by univariate logistic regression analysis. Results:The SCr dropped to the normal range at discharge in 10 recipients, and the average recovery time was (13.8±13.0) days. In other 3 cases SCr at discharge were 300.0, 149.0, 152.5μmol/L. 4 cases had DGF, 4 had AR, 1 experienced urinary fistula, and 1 experienced incisional dehiscence, which were treated with anti-rejection, J-tube implantation, continuous catheterization to maintain bladder void, secondary suturing, respectively. The follow-up time ranged from 4 to 54 months, with a median of 28(15.5, 31.0) months. At the final follow-up time, 10 cases had good graft function, 2 suffered impaired kidney function, and 1 experienced graft failure. The average SCr and eGFR except for graft failure patient were (144.2±101.3)μmol/L and (52.9±21.2)ml/min, respectively. 4 had positive urine protein. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that donor age, BMI, history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and SCr were not significantly correlated with recipients’ DGF and graft impairment ( P>0.05), and due to the small sample size, multifactorial logistic regression analysis was not performed. Conclusion:The short to medium-term effects of adult donor DKT coule be safe and feasible.

Molecular Mechanism of Nelumbinis Plumula Alkaloids in Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer： an Analysis Based on Network Pharmacology and Cell Experiment / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the potential molecular mechanism of Nelumbinis Plumula alkaloids （NAPs） in the prevention and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） based on network pharmacology and cell experiment. Method:The main active components of NAPs were obtained by searching Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP） and Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine （BATMAN-TCM）， and their main targets were predicted and analyzed by employing Swiss Target Prediction. The main target genes of NSCLC were retrieved from GeneCards， Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM） and DrugBank databases. The resulting common targets were imported into STRING platform for constructing the protein-protein interaction （PPI） network， followed by gene ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） enrichment analysis based on Database for Annotation， Visualization， and Integrated Discovery （DAVID）. The NAPs-common target -pathway network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1. After NSCLC cell line A549 was treated with isoliensinine， the cell morphology was observed under an inverted fluorescence microscope. The effect of isoliensinine on A549 vitality was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay and the target protein changes were verified by Western blot. Result:The main active components for NAPs against NSCLC were lysicamine， liensinine， and isoliensinine. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-protein kinase B （PI3K-AKT）， RAS-related protein 1 （Rap1）， epidermal growth factor family of receptor tyrosine kinases （ErbBs）， and hypoxia inducible factor-1 （HIF-1） pathways were mainly involved for binding adenosine triphosphate （ATP） and regulating protein kinase activity. The main targets included protein kinase B-1 （AKT1）， alpha catalytic subunit of phosphoinositol-3-kinase （PIK3CA）， cyclin-dependent kinase 2 （CDK2）， mitogen-activated protein kinase-1 （MAPK1）， epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）， adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette B1 （ABCB1）， mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR）， tyrosine kinase （Src）， Janus kinase 1 （JAK1）， and G1-phase-specific gene cyclin-D₁ （CCND1）. The <italic>in vitro</italic> cell experiment also revealed that isoliensinine down-regulated the expression of phosphorylated AKT （p-AKT） and phosphorylated mTOR （p-mTOR） in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and inhibited the growth of A549 cells. Conclusion:NAPs exert the preventive and therapeutic effects against NSCLC through multiple components， multiple targets， and multiple pathways， especially the PI3K-AKT pathway.

Genetic Prion Disease: Insight from the Features and Experience of China National Surveillance for Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease / 神经科学通报·英文版

Human genetic prion diseases (gPrDs) are directly associated with mutations and insertions in the PRNP (Prion Protein) gene. We collected and analyzed the data of 218 Chinese gPrD patients identified between Jan 2006 and June 2020. Nineteen different subtypes were identified and gPrDs accounted for 10.9% of all diagnosed PrDs within the same period. Some subtypes of gPrDs showed a degree of geographic association. The age at onset of Chinese gPrDs peaked in the 50-59 year group. Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS) and fatal familial insomnia (FFI) cases usually displayed clinical symptoms earlier than genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (gCJD) patients with point mutations. A family history was more frequently recalled in P105L GSS and D178N FFI patients than T188K and E200K patients. None of the E196A gCJD patients reported a family history. The gCJD cases with point mutations always developed clinical manifestations typical of sporadic CJD (sCJD). EEG examination was not sensitive for gPrDs. sCJD-associated abnormalities on MRI were found in high proportions of GSS and gCJD patients. CSF 14-3-3 positivity was frequently detected in gCJD patients. Increased CSF tau was found in more than half of FFI and T188K gCJD cases, and an even higher proportion of E196A and E200K gCJD patients. 63.6% of P105L GSS cases showed a positive reaction in cerebrospinal fluid RT-QuIC. GSS and FFI cases had longer durations than most subtypes of gCJD. This is one of the largest studies of gPrDs in East Asians, and the illness profile of Chinese gPrDs is clearly distinct. Extremely high proportions of T188K and E196A occur among Chinese gPrDs; these mutations are rarely reported in Caucasians and Japanese.

Genetic Prion Disease: Insight from the Features and Experience of China National Surveillance for Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease / 神经科学通报·英文版

Human genetic prion diseases (gPrDs) are directly associated with mutations and insertions in the PRNP (Prion Protein) gene. We collected and analyzed the data of 218 Chinese gPrD patients identified between Jan 2006 and June 2020. Nineteen different subtypes were identified and gPrDs accounted for 10.9% of all diagnosed PrDs within the same period. Some subtypes of gPrDs showed a degree of geographic association. The age at onset of Chinese gPrDs peaked in the 50–59 year group. Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome (GSS) and fatal familial insomnia (FFI) cases usually displayed clinical symptoms earlier than genetic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (gCJD) patients with point mutations. A family history was more frequently recalled in P105L GSS and D178N FFI patients than T188K and E200K patients. None of the E196A gCJD patients reported a family history. The gCJD cases with point mutations always developed clinical manifestations typical of sporadic CJD (sCJD). EEG examination was not sensitive for gPrDs. sCJD-associated abnormalities on MRI were found in high proportions of GSS and gCJD patients. CSF 14-3-3 positivity was frequently detected in gCJD patients. Increased CSF tau was found in more than half of FFI and T188K gCJD cases, and an even higher proportion of E196A and E200K gCJD patients. 63.6% of P105L GSS cases showed a positive reaction in cerebrospinal fluid RT-QuIC. GSS and FFI cases had longer durations than most subtypes of gCJD. This is one of the largest studies of gPrDs in East Asians, and the illness profile of Chinese gPrDs is clearly distinct. Extremely high proportions of T188K and E196A occur among Chinese gPrDs; these mutations are rarely reported in Caucasians and Japanese.

Study on Improvement Effects of Icariside Ⅱ on Neurological Function of Focal Cerebral Ischemia Model Rats by Regulating miR- 141-3p/Notch/Nrf2 Axis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To study the improvement effects of icariside Ⅱ（ICS Ⅱ）on neurological function of focal cerebral ischemia model rats by regulating miR- 141-3p/Notch/nuclear factor erythroid- 2-related factor 2（Nrf2）axis（miR-141-3p/Notch/ Nrf2）. METHODS ：The rats were divided into sham operation group ，model group ，nimodipine group （20 mg/kg）and ICS Ⅱ low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose groups （4，8，16 mg/kg），with 20 rats in each group. Twenty-four hours after establishing focal cerebral ischemia model ，model rats were given re levant medicine or normal saline intragastrically ，twice a day ，for consecutive 3 d. The neurological deficit of rats in each group was scored ；the volume of cerebral infarction was measured by 2，3， 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride （TTC）staining；water content of cerebral tissue and the permeability of blood-brain barrier were measured；HE staining was performed to observe the pathological change of cerebral tissue of rats ；the expression of miR- 141-3p in cerebral tissue of rats was measured by qRT-PCR ；the protein expression of Notch and Nrf 2 in cerebral tissue of rats were measured by Western blotting assay. RESULTS ：Compared with sham operation group ，the neurological deficit score ，expression of Notch-1 and Nrf 2 in model group were significantly lowered （P＜0.05）；infarction volume ，brain water content ，the permeability of blood-brain barrier and the expression of miR- 141-3p in cerebral tissue were increased significantly （P＜0.05）；the distribution of cortical cells was disordered ，and inflammatory infiltration and necrosis were observed in a large number of nerve cells. Compared with model group ，the neurological deficit score ，the protein expression of Notch- 1 and Nrf 2 in cerebral tissue were significantly increased in ICS Ⅱgroups（P＜0.05）；infarction volume ，brain water content ，the permeability of blood-brain barrier and the expression of miR- 141-3p in cerebral tissue were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）；the arrangement of cortical cells was regular，and the inflammatory infiltration and necrosis of nerve cells were decreased significantly. CONCLUSIONS ：ICS Ⅱ can promote the recovery of neurological function in focal cerebral ischemic model rats ，which may be related to down-regulation of miR-141-3p and activation of Notch/Nrf 2 axis.

Medial Preoptic Area Modulates Courtship Ultrasonic Vocalization in Adult Male Mice / 神经科学通报·英文版

Adult male mice emit highly complex ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in response to female conspecifics. Such USVs, thought to facilitate courtship behaviors, are routinely measured as a behavioral index in mouse models of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders such as autism. While the regulation of USVs by genetic factors has been extensively characterized, the neural mechanisms that control USV production remain largely unknown. Here, we report that optogenetic activation of the medial preoptic area (mPOA) elicited the production of USVs that were acoustically similar to courtship USVs in adult mice. Moreover, mPOA vesicular GABA transporter-positive (Vgat +) neurons were more effective at driving USV production than vesicular glutamate transporter 2-positive neurons. Furthermore, ablation of mPOA Vgat+ neurons resulted in altered spectral features and syllable usage of USVs in targeted males. Together, these results demonstrate that the mPOA plays a crucial role in modulating courtship USVs and this may serve as an entry point for future dissection of the neural circuitry underlying USV production.

Symptomatic Profiles of 173 Chinese Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the symptomatic burden of patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) and its relation with clinical characteristics including the mutation status, therapeutic protocols and sex.@*METHODS@#Total of 173 Chinese ET patients were selected and grouped on the basis of disease characteristics (mutation status, therapeutic pro to- cols, and sex).@*RESULTS@#All the groups showed low-to-high symptom burden, with the highest in the Hu (hydroxyurea)-group (total symptom score [TSS], 14.7; range, 7.6-14.7). In the JAK2V617F-positive, Hu-treated, and female groups TSS and independent symptom scores were higher than those in the control group. The CALR-positive and IFN-α-treated groups had lower overall and individual scores as compared with groups lacking the corresponding characteristics. As the number of characteristics (JAK2V617F-positive, Hu-treated, and female) increases, the severity of symptoms gradually increased.@*CONCLUSION@#The different characteristics have various effects on symptom burden in ET patients. The accumulation of certain characteristics will lead to more severe symptom burden, thus the patient＇s symptom burden should be considered comprehensively when making up the treatment schemes and prognosis.

Efficacy of femtosecond laser-assisted phacoemulsification for cataract patients and its influence on serum levels of inflammatory factors

Objective: To investigate effect of femtosecond laser-assisted phacoemulsification in treating cataract patients, and to analyse its influence on serum inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha

Study Design: An analytical, descriptive study

Place and Duration Of Study: The Ophthalmologic Center, Rehabilitation Center Hospital of Gansu, China, from January 2016 to September 2017

Methodology: A total of 94 eyes were randomly divided into control group [47 cases] and observation group [47 cases]. Control group was treated with traditional phacoemulsification. The observation group was added with femtosecond laser based on the treatment of the control group. Clinical efficacy of two groups was compared

Results: Surgery time of the observation group was longer than that of the control group [p<0.001]. Effective phacoemulsification time, cumulative dissipated energy, and liquid flow of the observation group were all less than those of the control group [all p<0.001]. One day after surgery, aqueous flare and rate of corneal endothelium loss in the observation group were less than those of the control group [both p<0.001]. Seven days after surgery, serum levels of IL-6, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in the observation group were lower than those of the control group [all p<0.001]

Conclusion: Femtosecond laser-assisted phacoemulsification has better clinical effect in treating cataract, and can reduce the energy and time cost in the phacoemulsification, decrease the serum levels of inflammatory factors and cause less postoperative complications. But it takes longer operation time and relatively higher treatment cost

Study on the regulation of microRNA-375 on PDK1 expression in brain tissue of scrapie agent 139 A infected mice / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the regulation of microRNA-375(miR-375) on the expressions of 3’-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) in the brain tissues of scrapie agent 139 A infected mice.@*Methods@#PDK1 protein in 139 A infected mice brain tissue was detected by WB and immunochemistry. The change of microRNA-375 was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and next-generation sequencing method . The pmiR-REPORT reporter system was used to value the regulation of miR-375 on PDK1 3’-untranslated region (3’UTR).@*Results@#The expression of PDK1 in the brain tissue of 139 A infected mice was significantly increased as compared to that of control group, while the expression of miR-375 was decreased. The result of pmiR-REPORT reporter system showed that PDK1 3’UTR was the regulation target of miR-375.@*Conclusions@#The expression of PDK1 in the brain tissue of 139 A infected mice was significantly increased, which was probably related to the regulation of miR-375 on the 3’UTR of PDK1.

High-fat diet suppresses hepatic autophagy via p-AMPK/mTOR signal channel in mice / 基础医学与临床

Objective To investigate the effects of high fat diet on hepatic autophagy in mice and analyze the possi-ble mechanism.Methods C57BL male mice were fed with either normal diet or high-fat diet ( HFD) for 8,12 or 16 weeks .The mice were sacrificed after measuring the body weight .The mesentery and epididymal fat tissue weight ,the liver weight and the hepatic lipid accumulation were detected .The expression of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein and autophagic markers including LC3Ⅱ, P 62 protein were measured by Western blot .Results HFD-fed mice displayed significantly heavier body weight at 16 weeks and significantly heavier intra abdominal fat weight and lipid overaccumulation in liver at 8,12, 16weeks(all P<0.01).Western blot showed hepatic LC3Ⅱexpression was up-regulated mildly in HFD fed mice at 8 weeks(P<0.05), but the change dramatically was reversed , hepatic LC3Ⅱ was significantly lower in HFD fed mice at 12,16 weeks, as well as P62 was increased in HFD fed animals (all P<0.05).HFD suppressed phos-phorylation of AMPK and increased phosphorylation of mTOR levels in liver at 8,12,16 weeks, compared to the normal-diet fed mice .Conclusions Our data demonstrate that hepatic autophagy is in dynamic change in high-fat diet mice , long term high-fat diet severely suppressed hepatic autophagy , which is associated with decreased p-AMPK and increased p-mTOR.

Clinical efficacy of temozolomide and bevacizumab combined with concurrent radiotherapy in treatment of elderly patients with malignant glioma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To observe the clinical effect of bevacizumab and temozolomide combined with concurrent radiotherapy for elderly patients with malignant brain glioma after the surgery . Methods A total of 55 patients in department of neurosurgery of Lanzhou Military Region General Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 were enrolled. The patients were divided into control group and observation group. The 25 cases in the control group received radiotherapy and temozolomide. The 30 cases in the observation group received bevacizumab and temozolomide combined with concurrent radiotherapy. After treatment for 6 and 12 months, the clinical effects and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared byχ2 test, and the survival was compared by Log-rank test . Results Patients in the treatment group were followed up for 6 months after chemoradiotherapy, the response rate (RR) was 80 ％ (24/30), the disease control rate (DCR) was 97 ％ (29/30). The RR and DCR in the control group were 68 ％ (17/25) and 84 ％(21/25). There were significant differences between the two groups (χ2 values were 3.742 and 8.000, both P<0.05). After 12 months of follow-up, the RR and DCR in the treatment group were 40 ％ (12/30) and 80 ％(24/30), the control group were 16％(4/25) and 56％(14/25). There were significant differences between the two groups (χ2 values were 3.547 and 1.983, both P< 0.05). The adverse effect rates had no significant difference between the two groups (all P> 0.05). The 2-year survival rates in the treatment group and control group were 28.2 ％ and 11.0 ％, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 4.512, P = 0.034). Conclusions Temozolomide and bevacizumab combined with concurrent radiotherapy in treatment of malignant glioma is superior to temozolomide combined with radiotherapy, and bevacizumab is safe and has few side effects. It is a preferred treatment and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Effect of different anesthetics and blood sampling methods on blood routine test in SD rats and Kunming mice / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of different anesthetics and blood sampling methods on blood routine test results in experimental animals. METHODS: A total of 42 specific pathogen free( SPF) male Sprague Dawley( SD) rats and 59 SPF male Kunming( KM) mice were randomly divided into 4 groups( control group,ether group,chloral hydrate group and pentobarbital sodium group). Ether group animals were treated with ether inhalation anesthesia; animals in chloral hydrate group and pentobarbital sodium group were injected intraperitoneally with chloral hydrate or pentobarbital sodium. The control group received no anesthesia treatment. Blood samples were collected by different ways: orbital venous plexus,abdominal aorta or eyeball enucleation. White blood cell( WBC) count,red blood cell( RBC) count,platelet(PLT) count,hemoglobin(Hb) level and hematocrit(HCT) in blood samples were analyzed. RESULTS: The RBC count,Hb level and HCT of SD rats in pentobarbital sodium group were significantly lower than those in control group( P <0. 05). The HCT of SD rats in ether group was lower than that in control group( P < 0. 05). The WBC count of orbital venous plexus of KM mice was lower than that taken by eyeball enucleation in control group( P < 0. 05),but the WBC count of orbital venous plexus was higher than that taken by eyeball enucleation in chloral hydrate group( P < 0. 05). The RBC count,Hb level,HCT of KM mice in pentobarbital sodium group were significantly lower than those in control group(P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: The anesthetic can affect the blood routine test results of experimental animals. Different blood sampling methods have effects on blood routine test results of KM mice.

Reports of 5 cases of kidney transplantation from donors with severe hand-foot-mouth disease / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effect and safety of kidney transplantation from donors with severe hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD).Methods Five cases of kidney transplantation from three donors with HFMD between Jan.2014 and Dec.2016 were analyzed.The age of three donors was 2 years,2 years and one month,and 3 years and 11 months respectively,and body weight was 11 kg,10 kg and 15 kg respectively.The age of recipients ranged from 26 to 41 years and weight from 50 to 59 kg.Single kidney transplantations were performed on 4 cases,and dual separating kidney transplantation on one case.Results One case of the transplantations was failure due to the allograft artery thrombosis.The rest 4 cases gained satisfied clinical effect.None of the 5 cases showed any symptoms associated with HFMD.Conclusion The clinical effect of kidney transplantation from donors with severe HFMD is satisfactory.The organs from donors with severe HFMD could only be used by adult recipients.

Role of nerve growth factor in the differentiation and proliferation of regulatory T cells induced by mesenchymal stem cells / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To investigate the influence of nerve growth factor (NGF) on the ability of differentiation and proliferation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) induced by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).Methods The MSCs were stimulated directly by NGF.IL-10,TGF-β and HLA-G were tested.The expression of CD4 and CD25 was detected by flow cytometry after co-culture.The expression of CD4,CD25 and Foxp3 was detected by flow cytometry after Transwell co-culture.Results As compared with control group,the expression of IL-10,TGF-β and HLA-G in NGF group was increased (P＜0.05 for all).The number of Tregs was increased after the co-culture (P＜0.05).The reduction in IL-10 and TGF-β could block the inducing function of NGF (P＜0.05).Conclusion NGF can enhance the ability of differentiation and proliferation of Tregs induced by MSC,which is possibly associated with the increases in the expression of IL-10 and TGF-β.

The efficacy of Atorvastatin in reducing recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma after single burr hole drainage and irrigation / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy of Atorvastatin in reducing the recurrence rate of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) after single burr hole drainage and irrigation.Methods Between January 2000 and May 2005 and between January 2013 and December 2015,122 patients with CSDH admitted to the Neurosurgery Department,Lanzhou General Hospital were treated with single burr hole drainage and irrigation under local anesthesia.All patients were classified into two groups.Patients in the treatment group (n=67) took Atorvastatin after operation and those in the control group (n=55) did not take Atorvastatin.Patient demographics,clinical characteristics,imaging data,Markwalder's Grading Scale (MGS) and recurrence rates were assessed.Results Preoperative clinical characteristics and MGS levels at discharge were similar between the two groups (all P＞0.05).The recovery rate of CSDH was 98.5％ in the treatment group,without recurrence or death.The recovery rate of CSDH was 96.4％ in the control group,with four cases of relapse,making up a recurrence rate of 7.3 ％ (4/55).As a result,the recurrence rates were statistically significantly different between the two groups (x2 =5.038,P =0.039).Conclusions Atorvastatin can significantly reduce the recurrence rate of CSDH after single burr hole drainage and irrigation.

Dual kidney transplantation from brain death adult donors: two case reports and literature review / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore the use of marginal kidneys from DBD (donation after brain death) donors and the indication for adult dual kidney transplantation.Methods Two pairs of graft kidneys were procured from two marginal adult donors.Dual kidney transplants were performed in two recipients.In each recipient,two kidneys were implanted in unilateral site of right lower quadrant and placed extraperitoneally,two separate extravesical ureterneocysto-anastomoses were performed.Results Delayed graft function (DGF) combined with acute rejection occurred in two cases,and all two cases recovered after treatments.Lymphocele and hematoma occurred in one case.No graft embolism and no urinary leak happened.Conclusions Adult dual kidney transplant offers an important use of kidneys from marginal donors to increase the number of organs available for transplantation.

Preliminary study on the role of hypoxia preconditioning in decreasing the susceptibility to epilepsy and brain protection in rats / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To preliminarily explore the effects and brain protective mechanism of intermittent hypoxia preconditioning ( IHP) on rats with seizures induced by lithium-pilocarpine ( Li-pilo) .Methods A total of 96 8-week old male Sprague Dawley rats ( clean grade ) were randomly divided into control group , seizure group and four IHP-seizure groups.The animal model of epilepsy was established by intraperitoneal injection of Li-pilo in the seizure group and four IHP-seizure groups (Li-pilo was injected at 1, 3, 7, or 14 days after a 5-day regimen of IHP).Subsequent seizure behavior , the latency period and percentage of generalized seizures were quantitatively evaluated for 240 min and the cognitive function was tested by Morris water maze task , and followed by the detection of hippocampus neuron apoptosis and related protein (BCL-2, Bax, and cleaved-caspase-3) by TUNEL labeling and Western blot, respectively.Results The induced seizure peaked on an average between 50-150 min after Li-pilo administration , scored using a modified Racine scale.The average scores of modified Racine scale in the IHP-3d seizure group was significantly lower than that in the other groups.The latency period and percentage of generalized seizures in the IHP-3d seizure group rats were significantly different from the parameters in the seizure group rats (P0.05).Conclusions The results indicate that IHP treatment may help to decrease the susceptibility to epilepsy by reducing abnormal apoptosis , and has a brain protective effect on the seizure rats .